Reading List
Content
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Issues |
Regions |
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Basins |
Some
Quotes
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World Commission on Dams (Editor), Dams and Development: A New Framework for Decision-Making, Earthscan Publications; 1st edition (February 1, 2001), ISBN: 1853837989, (Available online: http://www.dams.org/report/contents.htm)
Power Point Presentation on WCD by Laton Carr and Elaine Darby https://webspace.utexas.edu/darbyee/A%20Study%20of%20Dams.ppt?uniq=hujyxp
Multi-stakeholder Processes: The Legacy of the World Commission on Dams (see assignments for link)
WCD website: http://www.dams.org/
“World Bank says it won't abide by World Commission on
Dams”
“The Creation of the World Commission on Dams”
“The World Bank Position on the Report of the WCD”
Duda, A., (2002) Monitoring and Evaluation Working Paper 10, GEF Corporate Monitoring and Evaluation Team (available online)
GEF (2004) Protecting International Waters Sustaining livelihoods, Lessons for the future, November 2004 (available online)
GEF, (1996). Operational Strategy. Global Environment Facility, Washington, DC. (Available online)
GEF (2005) Achieving the Millenium development Goals. A GEF progress Report, September 2005 (available online)
GEF website: http://www.thegef.org, http://www.thegef.org/What_is_the_GEF/what_is_the_gef.html
Uitto, J. I. , Duda, A. (2004), Management of transboundary water resources: lessons from international cooperation for conflict prevention, The Geographical Journal, Volume 168 Issue 4 Page 365 - December 2002 doi:10.1111/j.0016-7398.2002.00062.x (available online)
Chitale, Madhav A. “The Narmada Project.” Water Resources Development. 13.2 pp 167-179. 1997. (See section at end about NGO involvement)
International Network of Basin Organizations, “International organizations urge G8 world leaders to allocate funds to promote cooperation over transboundary waters for development, security and peace.” May 30, 2003 (available online)
Global Water -
http://www.globalwater.org/
Green Cross International -
http://www.greencrossinternational.net/index1.html
Perspectives on Freshwater – Issues and Recommendations of NGOs:
http://www.earthsummit2002.org/freshwater/Freshwater%20Report.pdf
Water For People -
http://www.water4people.org/index_main.htm
World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund) -
http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/freshwater/index.cfm
Valuation of Environmental Systems
http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/envext.nsf/44ByDocName/EnvironmentalEconomicsandItsApplicationsEnvironmentalValuation (intro to concept)
http://csf.colorado.edu/sristi/papers/ecoethic.html (social values)
http://www.ecosystemvaluation.org/ (specifics on subject)
http://www.emawebsite.org/about_ema.htm
http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-Resources-126-biodprospect.pdf
http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-99-06.pdf
http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-Resources-130-price-right.pdf
National Wildlife Federation A New Tool For Water Quality: Making Watershed-Based Trading Work For You
Environmental Taxes: Recent Developments in Tools For Integration http://reports.eea.eu.int/Environmental_Issues_No_18/en/envissue18.pdf
Allan, T., ‘Virtual water’: a long term solution for water short Middle Eastern economies?, Water Issues Group, School of Oriental & African Studies, University of London, 1997
Biswas, Asit K., Management of International Waters: Opportunities and Constraints, in Sustainable Development of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basins, A.K. Biswas and J.I. Uitto (eds.), United Nations University Press, Tokyo, pp. 1-16, 2001.
Chou, Sophie, Russ Bezark, and Anne Wilson, Water Scarcity in River Basins as a Security Problem, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Environmental change and Security Project, Washington DC, pp. 96-105, 1997
Elhance, Arun P., Introduction, Hydropolitics in the Third World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River Basins, United States Institute for Peace, Washington DC, 1999, pp. 3-23.
Falkenmark, Malin, The Massive Water Scarcity Now Threatening Africa-Why Isn't it Being Addressed?, Ambio, Vol. 18, No. 2, 1989.
Giordano, M. and A. Wolf, Sharing Waters: Post-Rio International Water Management, Natural Resources Forum, 27: 163-171, 2003 (Available Online)
Gleick, Peter H., Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources, Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.
Gleick, Peter H., Basic Water Requirements for Human Activities: Meeting Basic Needs, Water International, Vol. 21, pp. 83-92, 1996.
Gleick, Peter H., The World's Water: http://www.worldwater.org/
Gleick, Peter H., The World's Water 1998-99, Island Press, Washington DC, 1998.
Gleick, Peter H., The Human Right To Water, Water Policy, Vol.1, No. 5, pp. 487-503, 1999. (available online at: http://www.pacinst.org/waterpub.html)
Gleick, Peter H., The Changing Water Paradigm: A Look at Twenty-first Century Water Resources Development, Water International, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 127-138, 2000 (available online at: http://www.pacinst.org/waterpub.html).
Gleick, Peter H., Coping With the Global Fresh Water Dilemma: The State, Market Forces, and Global Governance, in The Global Environment in the Twenty-First Century: Prospects for International Cooperation, P.S. Chasek (ed.), United Nations University Press, Tokyo, pp.204-222, 2001.
Gleick, Peter H., The World's Water 2000-01, Island Press, Washington DC, 2001.
Lundqvist, Jan and Peter Gleick, Comprehensive Assessment of the Freshwater Resources of the World, Stockholm Environment Institute, 1997. (available from the instructor)
Postel, Sandra L., Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity, W. W. Norton Publishers, New York, 1997.
Postel, S., B. Richter, Rivers for Life : Managing Water for People and Nature, Island Press, Paperback, 2003, ISBN: 1559634448, See: http://www.freshwaters.org/
Shiklomanov, Igor. A., Appraisal and Assessment of World Water Resources, Water International Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 11-32, 2000 (available online at: http://www.iwra.siu.edu/win/win2000/win03-00/shiklomanov.pdf)
Shiklomanov, Igor. A., World Water Resources, A New Appraisal and Assessment for the 21st Century, UNESCO, IHP Non-Serial Publications in Hydrology, Paris, 1998 (available online at: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?database=ged&no=112671)
United Nations, Register of International Rivers, Water Supply and Management, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1978
de Villiers, Marq, Water: The Fate of our Most Precious Resource, Houghton-Mifflin, New York, 2000.
Wolf, Aaron T., et al., International River Basins of the World, Int'l J. of Water Resources Development, Vol. 15, No. 4, Dec 1999. (available online at: http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/register/) (see also: Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements, UNEP, 2003 http://www.unep.org/Documents/Default.asp?DocumentID=67&ArticleID=3813)
Free Trade and the Environment
This is a document produced by the CEC presented at the North American Symposium on assessing the linkages between trade and the environment (October 2000). It is an excellent paper! http://www.cec.org/files/pdf/ECONOMY/FreeTrade-en-fin.pdf
Browse the CEC web page. I will talk about citizens’ submissions. So look at the various cases under >>Citizens Submission on Enforcement Matters>>Status http://www.cec.org/citizen/status/index.cfm?varlan=english
Akmansoy, Sandra and Daene McKinney, Aral Sea Water Rights, CRWR Online Report 98-3, Univ. of Texas, Austin, 1998 (Availble online)
Beaumont, Peter, The 1997 UN Convention on the Law of Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses: Its Strengths and Weaknesses from a Water Management Perspective and the Need for New Workable Guidelines, Water Resources Development, Vol. 16, No. 4, 475–495, 2000 (available online)
Canoperna, D., Patterns of Cooperation in International Water Law: Principles and Institutions, Nat. Res. J. 25:563, 1985.
Dellapenna, J.W., The customary international law of transboundary fresh waters, Int. J. Global Environmental Issues, Vol. 1, Nos. 3/4, pp.264–305, 2001 (available online)
Draper, Stephen E., International Duties and Obligations for Transboundary Water Sharing, J. of Water Resources Planning and Management, Vol. 123, No. 6, pp. 344-349, 1997.
Green Cross International, National Sovereignty and International Watercourses, March, 2000. http://web243.petrel.ch/pdf/Sovereignty.pdf
Hunter, D., J. Salzman, and D. Zaelke, International Environmental Law and Policy, Foundation Press, New York, 2002.
International Law Association, Helsinki Rules on the Uses of the Water of International Rivers (1966)
McCaffrey, S. C., The Law of International Watercourses: Non-Navigational Uses, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001
Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses in the Southern African Development Community (2000)
Solanes, Miguel "Legal and Institutional Aspects of River Basin Development" Water International, 17, pp. 116-123, 1992
UN/ECE Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (1992)
UN Convention on the Law of the Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses (1997)
Waterbury, J., Between Unilateralism and Comprehensive Accords: Modest Steps toward Cooperation in International River Basins, Water Resources Development, Vol. 13, No. 3, 279-289, 1997 (available online)
Wolf, Aaron T. Criteria for Equitable Allocations: The Heart of International Water Conflict, Natural Resources Forum. Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 3-30, 1999 (available online).
Caspian Sea Region: Environmental Issues. (Available Online).
Oil and Gas in the Caspian Sea Region: An Overview of Cooperation and Conflict. (Available Online).
Caspian Sea Region: Legal Issues. (Available Online).
Gleick, P. (1993). Water and Conflict: Fresh Water Resources and International Security. International Security, 18 (1), 79-112.
Mostert, E., Conflict and Cooperation in the Management of International Freshwater Resources: A Global Review, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Priscoli, Jerome Delli, International Conflicts Related to Transboundary Water, Leadership for Environmental and Development, 1998 (Available online)
Samson, Paul & Charrier, Bertrand, International Freshwater Conflict: Issues and Prevention Strategies, Green Cross International, 1997 (Available online)
Sherk, George William, Patricia Wouters & Samantha Rochford, Water Wars in the Near Future? Reconciling Competing Claims for the World's Diminishing Freshwater Resources - The Challenge of the Next Millennium, The CEPMLP On-Line Journal, Vol. 3, No.2 (Available online)
Spreij, M., Institutions for International Freshwater Management, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Ward, Diane R., Water Wars: Drought, Flood, Folly, and the politics of Thirst, Riverhead Books, New York, 2002
Wolf, Aaron, Water and Human Security, Aviso, Vol. 3, June 1999 (Available online)
An interesting summary, from a lawyer’s perspective, of recent developments on the Columbia river and what the future may hold - http://www.stoel.com/resources/articles/environment/env_030.shtm
The 1961 treaty between the U.S. and Canada concerning the Columbia River - http://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/RegionalDocs/Columbia_River1961.htm
Basin Description, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - http://www.nwd-wc.usace.army.mil/TMT/basin.html
Basin Map with links to dams, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - http://www.nwd-wc.usace.army.mil/report/colmap.htm
Skim Columbia River Basin-Dams and Salmon
Columbia River Treaty (Available online)
Columbia River Treaty Overview (Available online)
Dams and Salmon, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - http://www.nwd.usace.army.mil/ps/colrvbsn.htm
Federal Caucus (Skim the two links at the bottom for a bit more.)
Federal Caucus, The. (December 1999) Conservation of Columbia Basin Fish, Building a Conceptual Recovery Plan.- http://www.salmonrecovery.gov/overview.shtml
Federal Caucus Comment Record. (Winter 2000, Issues 3) Citizen Update, Conservation of the Columbia Basin Fish, Public Meetings Planned & Report Summaries.
Harden, Blaine. A River Lost. W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. New York, NY. 1996. pages 17, 25.
Krutilla, John V., The Columbia River Treaty: the Economics of an International River Basin Development. Baltimore: Hopkins Press, 1967. copies of pages: 8-26, 59-67, 119-122, 191-204.
Krutilla, John V., The Columbia River Treaty: the Economics of an International River Basin Development. Baltimore: Hopkins Press, 1967. pp. 142-150, 153-167.
Map of the Columbia River Basin (http://www.nwd-wc.usace.army.mil/report/colmap.htm)
Muckleston, K. W., International Management in the Columbia Basin System, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003.
Northwest Power Planning Council. (February, 2000) The Year of Decision, Renewing the Northwest Power Planning Council’s Fish and Wildlife Program.
Salmon Policy - Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation - http://www.umatilla.nsn.us/salmonpolicy.html
Treaty with the Wallawalla, Cayuse, etc., 1855 (referenced in the above Salmon Policy – used as the legal basis for the tribes’ contention that the U.S. has not fulfilled its obligations) - http://pacific.fws.gov/ea/tribal/treaties/wallawalla.pdf
Volkman, John M., A River in Common: the Columbia River, the Salmon Ecosystem, and Water Policy. Report to the Western Water Policy Review Advisory Commission, August, Portland, 1997 (Available online).
Umatilla Indian Reservation Salmon Policy (It’s a bit lengthy, read I, II, and skim the rest)
United States Army Corps of Engineers. Columbia River Basin-Dams and Salmon. (Available online October, 2005 http://www.nwd.usace.army.mil/ps/colrvbsn.htm).
United States Fish and Wildlife. The Endangered Species Act of 1973. (Available online October, 2005 http://endangered.fws.gov/esa.html)
United States Geological Survey. CVO Website-Columbia River Basin. (Available Online October, 2005 http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Washington/ColumbiaRiver/description_columbia_river.html)
Water Management For The Pacific Northwest Reservoir System, US Army Corps of Engineers
What Makes the Columbia River Basin Unique and How We Benefit (http://www.fwee.org/c-basin.html)
Wright, Steven J., Ahamd-Ali Honarpisheh. (2000) Temperature and Dissolved Gas Modeling Applied to Salmon Restoration Efforts. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan.
Beach, H.L., Hamner, J., Hewitt, J.J., Kaufman, E.,Kurki, A., Oppenheimer, J.A., and Wolf, A.T. 2000. Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Resolution: Theory, Practice, and Annotated References. United Nations University Press. http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/projects/casestudies/
Botterweg, T. and Rodda, D.W., Danube River Basin: Progress with the Environmental Programme, Water Sci. Tech., Vol. 40, No. 10, 1999, 1-8. http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/04010/wst040100001.htm
Controversy in the Danube Waters by
Maria A.
Sonschein (http://danubedita.tripod.com/library/d98maria.htm)
Eckstein, G. and Eckstein, Y., International Water Law, Groundwater Resources
and the Danube River Case, 1998 http://internationalwaterlaw.org/Articles/GW-Resources.htm
Environment News Service Danube, Restoration Plan Takes Flight at Summit, 2001 http://ens.lycos.com/ens/may2001/2001L-05-01-10.html
Environmental Programme for the Danube River Basin http://www.rec.org/DanubePCU/default.html
Food and Agricultural Division of the United Nations http://www.fao.org/regional/SEUR/Tisza/tisza4_en.htm
Fortunato, J., Kurland, K., Barcus, L., and Mitchell, T. ICE Case Studies: Danube, 1997 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/ice/DANUBE.HTM
Global presentation of dams and the Danuube (http://www.duke.edu/~ym/gepp.html)
Hollis, June, “Look at Central and Eastern Europe” http://user.intop.net/~jhollis/index.htm
International Commission for the Protection of the Danube http://www.icpdr.org/flash.htm
ICPRD (International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River)http://www.icpdr.org/DANUBIS/DANUBIS.navigator
ICPRD (International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River), Danube Basin Analysis (WFD Roof report 2004), http://www.icpdr.org/pls/danubis/docs/FOLDER/HOME/ICPDR/EXPERT_GROUPS/RBMEG/ROOF_REP_2004/FINAL_DOCUMENT/COMPLETE+ROOF+REPORT+-+FINAL+DOCUMENT+-+MINIMUM.PDF
Margesson, R. Reducing conflict over the Danube waters: equitable utilization and sustainable development, Natural Resources Forum, Vol. 21, No.1, 1997, 23-38
Pintér, G., The Danube Accident Emergency Warning System, Water Sci. Tech., Vol. 40, No. 10, 1999, 27-33. http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/04010/wst040100027.htm
Regional Environmental Center of Eastern Europe http://www.rec.org/
River Net: The Danube River Basin http://www.rivernet.org/danube/danube.htm
Sonschein, Maria A., Controversy in the Danube Waters (http://danubedita.tripod.com/library/d98maria.htm)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
http://www.unido.org/doc/27825 and http://www.unido.org/doc/26190
http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=10587&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Verdict of the international court of justice by Janet McBride. (Available online: ICJ.pdf)
Water for Peace in the Danube Basin, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003 http://webworld.unesco.org/water/wwap/pccp/cd/pdf/case_studies/gci_danube_doc.pdf
Bosnjakovic, Branko, Regulation of International Watercourses under the UN/ECE Regional Agreements, Water International, December 2000
Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes, UN/ECE (www.unece.org/env/water/topfra1.htm)
EC Directive establishing a framework for Community action in the field of
water policy
(www.europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/dat/2000/en_300L0060.html)
Environment and Transition in Central and Eastern
Europe http://www.worldbank.org/html/extpb/abshtml/13173.htm Environment and Health in Central and Eastern Europe: A Report for the
Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe- Abstract EU-Enlargement
EU Nitrates Directive
Gooch, G. D., et al., Review of Existing Structures, Models, and Practices for Transboundary Water Management, European Commission, 2002
Introduction to Environmental Regulation
http://europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/ceeca/
http://www.rec.org/REC/Publications/EuropeAgreening/EuropeAgreeningEnglish.pdf
http://europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l28057.htm
Linking Environment and Health, World Resources Institute, World
Resources 1998-99
UN/ECE web site (www.unece.org/env/water)
Ganges Asit K. Biswas and Juha I. Uitto, Sustainable
Development of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basins, chapter 2, United
Nations University Press, 2001
lhance, Arun P., Hydropolitics in the 3-rd World: Conflict and
Cooperation in International River basins, Chapter 5, United States
Institute for Peace, 1999.
The Ganga Basin Available online:
http:/www.cs.albany.edu/~amit/ganes.html Ganges River Controversy Available online:
http:/gurukul.ucc.american.edu/maksoud/water98/present1.htm Kabir, B., Rashid, H.E., 1998, Case Study: Bangledesh, Water Resources and
Population Pressures in the Ganges River Basin, Water and Population Dynamics, p
1-16. Available online:
http:/www.aaas.org/international/ehn/waterpop/bang.htm
Rogers, P., The value of cooperation in resolving international river basin disputes, Natural Resources forum, 117 – 131, May 1993
Salmon, M.A., 1998, Co-Management of
Resources: The case of the Ganges river, Pages
10-17, Especially Section 1 - Water Scarcity and the Competing Demands (Available
online:
http:/gurukul.ucc.american.edu/maksoud/water98/present1.htm Tyagi, A.C., The State of
India's Waters, Third World Center for Water management, 2003. The Water Page - River Ganges Available online:
http:/www.thewaterpage.com/ganges.htm
Water Resources in the Ganges River Basin Available online: http:/www.lsmsa.edu/MKhandoker/environmental%20science/Aquatic%20Ecosystem/Conflict%20on%20water2-Ganges%20river%20issues.htm
Indus
Beach, Hammer, Hewitt, Kaufman, Kurki, Oppenheimer, and Wolf. “Indus Water
Treaty: Case summary” in Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Resolution.
United Nations University Press: New York. 2000. Pages 101-106. Compton's Encyclopedia On-Line, Indus River (http://www.comptons.com/encyclopedia/ARTICLES/0075/00926720_A.html),
1998
Encyclopedia Britannica, Indus River History (http://kcm.co.kr/pakistan/StoryBook/ref/IndusWaterTreaty.html)
Hashmi, Faraz., Indus River System Authority to Iron Out Differences (http://www.dawn.com/2001/01/27/top5.htm),
January 2001
Hooker, Richard., Harappa and the Indus River (http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ANCINDIA/HARAPPA.HTM),
1996
Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 (http://www.stimson.org/cbm/sa/indswtrs.htm)
Klare, Michael T. “Water
Conflict in the Jordan, Tigris-Euphrates, and Indus River Basins” in Resource
Wars. Metropolitan Books: New York. Pages 161-189.
Mehta, Jagat S., Opinion (India)-The Indus Water Treaty: A Case Study in
the Resolution of an International River Basin Conflict, Natural Resources
Forum, 1988
Musalman, A.A., Opinion (Pakistan) Genesis of a Crisis (http://www.jang.com.pk/thenews/may2001-daily/01-05-2001/oped/o1.htm),
May 2001
Newbill, Michael, Indus Waters Treaty-A History (http://www.stimson.org/cbm/sa/indus.htm)
Rizvi, Muddassir., Forecasting Water Flows in Pakistan's Indus River (http://www.idrc.ca/reports/read_article_english.cfm?article_num=954), May 2001
Snelgrove, A.K., Geohydrology of the Indus River West Pakistan, Sind
University Press, pp. 24-26, 1967
World Commission on Dams Case
Study: Pakistan: The Tarbela Dam and Indus River Basin, execituve summary
http://www.dams.org/kbase/studies/pk/pk_exec.htm
Jordan
Allan, Tony Israel and water in the framework of the Arab-Israeli conflict,
Occasional paper 15, SOAS Water Issues Group, University of London, 1999
Amery,
H. A. and Wolf, A. T., Water in the Middle East:
A Geography of Peace, The University of Texas Press, 2000.
Elhance, Arun P., Hydropolitics in the 3-rd World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River basins, Chapter 3, United States Institute for Peace, 1999.
Haddadin, M. J., The Jordan River Basin: Water Conflict and Negotiated Resolution, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Hillel, Daniel, Rivers of Eden: Struggle for Water and the Quest for Peace in the Middle East, Oxford University Press, 1994.
Medzini, A. and A. T. Wolf, Towards a Middle East at Peace: Hidden Issues in Arab–Israeli Hydropolitics, Water Resources Development, Vol. 20, No. 2, 193 204, June 2004
Murad, Fadia Daibes, Water Resources in Palestine: A Fact Sheet and Basic Analysis of the Legal Status http://www.miftah.org/Display.cfm?DocId=6719&CategoryId=4
Orme, Willam A. "Israel Raises its Glass to Desalination." New York Times, June 23, 2001.
Shamir, U., Jordan River Case Study: The Negotiations and the Water Agreement between The Hashmite Kingdom of Jordan and the State of Israel, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Water for Peace in the Jordan Basin, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Websites:
http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E06.htm#2.5%20The%20Jordan%20River
http://exact-me.org/overview/p30.htm
http://research.haifa.ac.il/~eshkol/kantorb.html
§ 1995, ECAFE, Agreement: http://mgd.nacse.org/qml/watertreaty/textdocs/international/36.html.
§ 1975, ECAFE, “Joint Declaration on Principles,” http://mgd.nacse.org/qml/watertreaty/textdocs/international/34.html.
§
1975, ECAFE, “Joint Declaration on
Principles,”
1995, ECAFE, Agreement: http://mgd.nacse.org/qml/watertreaty/textdocs/international/34.html
Agreement on the Cooperation for the Sustainable Development of the Mekong River Basin, 5 April 1995, Mekong River Commission.
§ Amornsakchai, S., Annez, P., Vongvisessomjai, S., Choowaew, S., Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI), Kunurat, P., Nippanon, J., Schouten, R., Sripapatrprasite, P., Vaddhanaphuti, C., Vidthayanon, C., Wirojanagud, W., Watana, E. 2000. Pak Mun Dam, Mekong River Basin, Thailand. A WCD Case Study prepared as an input to the World Commission on Dams, Cape Town, www.dams.org.
Beach, H. L., J. Hamner, J. Hewitt, A. Kurki, J. Oppenheimer, A. Wolf, Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Resolution, pp. 107-100, United Nations University Press, New York, 2000.
§
Cocklin, Chris and Hain, Monique, Evaluation of the EIA for the Proposed Upper Mekong Navigation Improvement Project, Monash Environmental Institute, Monash University, Australia, December 2001.Elhance, Arun P., Hydropolitics in the 3-rd World: Conflict and
Cooperation in International River basins, Chapter 6, United States
Institute for Peace, 1999.
Hirsch, Philip, Globalisation, Regionalisation
and Local Voices: The Asian Development Bank and Re-scaled Politics of
Environment in the Mekong Region, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography,
Nov. 2001, pp. 237-251. (accessible through UT Library online) Le Moigne, G., Recent Experience in Promoting Regional
Collaboration in Water Resources Management Incentives and Benefits of
Cooperation Between Riparian States in the Mekong and Nile Basins, in
Regional Workshop on Cooperation in
Shared Water Resources in Central Asia: Past
Experience and Future Challenges, Asian Development Bank, Almaty,
Kazakhstan, 26–28 September 2002 (http://www.adb.org/Documents/Events/2003/3WWF/CO_Shared_Water.pdf) MSNBC Online,
Öjendal, Joakim, Vikrom Mathur and Mak Sithirith, Hydropower Site Selection Processes in the Se San and Sre Pok Basins, Environmental Governance in the Mekong, SEI/REPSI Report Series No. 4, Stockholm Environment Institute, 2002
Osborne, M., The Mekong: Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future, Atlantic Monthly Press, 2000
Ringler, Claudia, Optimal Water Allocation in the Mekong River Basin, ZEF-Discussion Papers on Development Policy No. 38, Center for Development Research, Bonn, May 2001, pp. 6-19, 30-33 (Available online: http://www.zef.de/download/zef_dp/ZEF-DP-38.PDF)
For a geographic and physical
description, read the following excerpt about the Niger River from a Food and
Agriculture Organization report on irrigation potential of Africa (7 pages):
http://www.fao.org/docrep/W4347E/w4347e0i.htm#the%20niger%20river%20basin
Gould, M. and F. Zobrist, "An
Overview of Water Resources Planning in West Africa", World Development, Vol.
17, No. 11, pp. 1717-1722, 1989. (Available Online:
GouldandFrederick.pdf
Look over the WWF Niger River fact sheet for a conservation viewpoint:
http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/africa/where/western_africa/river_niger/
Scan the “Potentialities of the Niger Basin” from the Niger Basin Authority
website:
http://www.abn.ne/webeng/nbainfo/nbainfo0/potent.html#population
Look at a self assessment of water issues prepared by Mali and submitted to the
World Water Council (an NGO):
http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/download/report_Mali_en.pdf
The Niger Basin Authority
website:
http://www.abn.ne/webeng/index-eng.html
A paper on Transboundary Natural Resource Management in West Africa by Nijeholt,
de Bie and Geerling:
http://www.bsponline.org/bsp/publications/africa/108/108/titlepage.HTML
Agreement between the Government of the United Arab Republic and the Government of Sudan, 11/8/1959
Allan, J. Anthony , the Nile Basin: Evolving Approaches To Nile Waters Management, SOAS Water Issues Group, occasional Paper20, June 1999.
Beaumont, Peter, “The 1997 UN Convention on the Law of Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses”, Water Resources Development, Vol. 16, No. 4, 475-495, 2000.
El-Assuiti, I., State of Egypt's Waters, Third World Center for Water Management, 2003
Elhance, Arun P., Hydropolitics in the 3-rd World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River basins, Chapter 2, United States Institute for Peace, 1999.
Gleick, Peter H., Water and Conflict, Fresh ware Resources and international security
Le Moigne, G., Recent Experience in Promoting Regional Collaboration in Water Resources Management Incentives and Benefits of Cooperation Between Riparian States in the Mekong and Nile Basins, in Regional Workshop on Cooperation in Shared Water Resources in Central Asia: Past Experience and Future Challenges, Asian Development Bank, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 26–28 September 2002
Mekonen, Kefyalew , The Defects and Effect of past Treatise and Agreements on Nile Waters, Whose faults were they? http://www.ethiopians.com/abay/engin.html
Metawie, A. F., History of Co-operation in the Nile Basin, Water Resources Development, Vol. 20, No. 1, 47–63, March 2004
Nicol, A., The Nile: Moving Beyond Cooperation , Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Nile Basin Initiative Website: www.nilebasin.org
Okidi Odidi, Charles "International Laws and the Lake Victoria and Nile Basin: Natural Resources Development of the Lake Victoria Basin of Kenya". Nairobi, Institute of Development Studies, (1979)
Tilahun Wondemeneh, "Egypt Imperial Aspiration Over Lake Tana and the Blue Nile". Addis Abiba, Addis AbIba University. 1979
Waterbury, J, The Nile Basin: National Determinants of Collective Action, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, 2002
Waterbury, J., and D. Whittington, Playing Chicken on the Nile? The Implications of Microdam Development in the Ethiopian Highlands and Egypt’s New Valley Project, Natural Resources Forum
Waterbury, J., “Between Unilateralism and Comprehensive Accords”, Water Resources Development, Vol. 13, No. 3, 279-789, 1997.
Whittington, Dale and Giorgio Guoriso, "Water Management Models in Practice: A case study of the Aswan high Dam". Amsterdam: Elservier Scientific, 1983 .
Wichelns, D., J. Barry, M. Muller, M. Nakao, L.D. Philo, A. Zitello, Co-operation Regarding Water and Other Resources Will Enhance Economic Development in Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea, Water Resources Development, Vol. 19, No. 4, 535–552, December 2003
Zewdie, Bahiru, "Relation Between Ethiopia and the Sudan on the Western Ethiopian Frontier 1898-1935" PhD Thesis, University of London, 1976
1987 Rhine Action Program for Ecological Rehabilitation (RAP)
1998, Convention on the Protection of the Rhine
Chichester, Page, Resurrection on the Rhine, International Wildlife Magazine, 1997 (www.nwf.org/intlwild/salmon.html)
Convention on the International
Commission for the Protection of the Rhine against Pollution signed in 1963
Convention on
the Protection of the Rhine, 1998 (www.internationalwaterlaw.org/No-Frames/RegionalDocs/Rhine_River.htm) Curlee, Lillian, Steps
toward reintroduction of natural systems into the management of the Rhine River,
Restoration & Reclamation Review, 1999 (www.hort.agri.umn.edu/h5015/99papers/curlee.htm) Dieperink, Carel, International Regime Development: Lessons from the Rhine Catchment Area,
TDRI Quarterly Review, 1997 (www.info.tdri.or.th/library/quarterly/text/s97_4.htm) Drozdiak, William, Sewer of Europe, The Washington Post, 1996 (www.fh-koblenz.de/koblenz/remstecken/RhineRiver/960327rhine.WashingtonPost.html) Frijters, I. D., and J.
Leentvaar, PCCP Case Study: Rhine, Potential
Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003 International Commission for the Protection of the
Rhine (ICPR) (www.iksr.org/icpr)
International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine against Pollution (ICPR)
Penzien, Christopher, Pollution and the Rhine: Progress and Predictions (http://www2.gvsu.edu/~penzienc/Rhine.html)
Program on the Sustainable Development of the Rhine (Rhine 2020)
Ruchay, Dietrich, Living with water: Rhine River basin management, Water Science and Technology, 1995, (www.iwaponline.com/wst/03108/0027/031080027.pdf)
Weber, Urs, The "Miracle" of the Rhine, the Courier UNESCO, 2000 (www.unesco.org/courier/2000_06/uk/planet.htm)
Rio Grande 1889 Convention, to the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) (http://www.ibwc.state.gov/). 1906 Convention (http://www.ibwc.state.gov/FORAFFAI/1906conv.HTM)
1944 Water Treaty (http://www.ibwc.state.gov/FORAFFAI/1944.HTM)
American Heritage River: http://www.epa.gov/rivers/98rivers/riogrande.html
Borderland Studies Our Lady of the Lake University, San Antonio
Eaton, D.J., The State of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo : A Study of Water Resources Issues Along the Texas/Mexico Border (Profmex Monograph Series), 1987
Eaton, D.J. and David Hurlbut. “Challenges in the binational management of water resources in the Rio Grande/ Rio Bravo”, U.S. – Mexican Policy Studies Program. Policy reports No. 2.
Green Nature-RioGrande: http://greennature.com/article622.html
Handbook of Texas: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/RR/rnr5.html
IBWC: http://www.ibwc.state.gov/, http://www.ibwc.state.gov/wad/rio_grande.htm
International Boundary and Water Commission
International Agreements Establishing and Institutionalizing the International Boundary and Water Commission (Available online)
Jones, P. A.; Compliance Mechanisms of International Water Agreements A Case of U.S.-Mexico Boundary Waters. Water International, v 25-4, 554-564, December 2000.
Legal resources: http://lawschool.unm.edu/library/water/links/riogrande.htm
Maps: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/txuhtml/runymaps.html
Natural Heritage Institute: http://www.n-h-i.org/Projects/InternationalRivers/RioGrande/RioGrande.html
New Mexico State University: http://wrri.nmsu.edu/publish/techrpt/tr317/downl.html
Pepin, M., PhD: “Texas Colonias: An Environmental Justice Case Study” (specially parts I & 3)
Photos: http://www.photovault.com/Link/Nature/Texas/x/Places/RioGrandeRiver.html
Rio Grande: a confluence of waters, nations & cultures
Rio Grande Alliance, “Water quality in the Rio Grande Watershed: A resource for action taking”, Chapter 1 (in PDF format), (Available online).
Rio Grande water flow (Available online).
Rio Grande / Rio Bravo Coalition: http://www.rioweb.org/basinfacts.html
Texas A&M University: http://riogrande.tamu.edu/, http://www.brc.tamus.edu/srin/projects/tnrcc.html
Texas A&M University-El Paso: http://elpaso.tamu.edu/Research/wateris.htm
Texas Center for Policy Studies: http://www.texascenter.org/borderwater/rio_conchos/presentations.htm
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality: http://www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/admin/topdoc/pd/020/00-10/riogrande.html, http://txwww.cr.usgs.gov/rgbdb/
Univ of New Mexico (Upper Basin): http://www.unm.edu/~wrp/urg.htm
Upper Rio Grande Study: http://www.waterinthewest.org/reading/readingfiles/fedreportfiles/upperrio.pdf
US EPA: http://es.epa.gov/ncer/final/grants/95/water/schmandt.html
USGS: http://nm.water.usgs.gov/mrg/index.htm
Wild and Scenic River: http://www.nps.gov/rigr/
Water in the West: Rio Grande (excellent overview): http://www.waterinthewest.org/riverbasins/riogrande/riogrande.htm
Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourse Systems:
http://www.dundee.ac.uk/law/iwlri/Documents/Treaties/Multilateral%20Treaties/1995%20SADC%20Protocol%20on%20Shared%20Watercourse%20Systems.pdf
Turton, A. R., Water and State Sovereignty: The Hydropolitical Challenge for States in Arid Regions,
MEWREW Occasional Paper No. 5, Water Issues Study Group, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), March 1, 1999 (http://www.soas.ac.uk/Geography/WaterIssues/OccasionalPapers/AcrobatFiles/OCC05.PDF)Turton, A.R., Water and State Sovereignty, MEWREW Occasional Paper No. 5, Water Issues Study Group,School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), 1999
Turton, A.R. & Henwood, R. (Eds.), Hydropolitics in the Developing World: A Southern African Perspective, African Water Issues Research Unit (AWIRU), 2002 (Available online: http://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/Articles/HydroPolitics-S-Africa.htm)
Vaz, A. C., and P. van der Zaag, Sharing the Incomati Waters: Cooperation and Competition in the Balance, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Water for Peace in the Middle East and Southern Africa, Green Cross International, 2000.
Article on farming/land issues in Zimbabwe and South Africa and
their relationship to water issues:
http://www.techcentralstation.com/030802D.html
Article bemoaning the demise of tourism at Victoria Falls:
http://www.rhodesianforces.net/Press%20Cuttings/18%20March%202002%20TIME%20EUROPE%20The%20Falls%20in%20Freefall.htm
Article on water conservation projects in Botswana:
http://www.unesco.org/courier/2001_10/uk/doss09.htm
Hamann. R. and Ankersen. T., September 1996. The Usumacinta River: Building a Framework for Cooperation between Mexico and Guatemala, September 1996. Available online: http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/usumacinta2.html
Mexico Tercer Milenio Website: Boca del Cerro Binational Project - Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco and Guatemala): http://www.mexicotm.com/interior/p/p_boca_cerroenglish.html
Central American Report. Controversial proposal to dam the Usumacinta River resurfaces, p. 4-5. November 2002. Available online: http://www.inforpressca.com/CAR/homes/h2942.pdf
Bull, B. December 2002. New Regionalism – Old Elites: Change and continuity in the remaking of Meso America. Available online: http://folk.uio.no/bbull/BISA paper.doc
Inter-American Development Bank - Plan Puebla-Panama: http://www.iadb.org/ppp/
IUCN Website. Conservation and Sustainable Management of the Tacaná River Basin (México, Guatemala). http://www.uicnhumedales.org/english/tacana.htm
Mader, R. Usumacinta River Guide: http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/usumacinta.html
IRN Declaration from the Mesoamerican Forum for Life. Available online: http://www.irn.org/programs/latamerica/020323.declaration.html
Allen, J. A., The Middle East Water Question: Hydropolitics and the Global Economy, St. Martins Press, New York, 2001.
Hillel, D., Rivers of Eden: The Struggle for Water and the Quest for Peace in the Middle East, Oxford University Press, 1994.
Water for Peace in the Middle East and Southern Africa, Green Cross International, 2000.
Amery, Hussein A. and Aaron T. Wolf, Water in the Middle East: A Geography of Peace, University of Texas Press, Austin, 2000
Faruqui, Naser I., Asit K. Biswas, and Murad J. Bino, Water Management in Islam, IDRC, U.N. University, Tokyo, 2001
The Himba and the Dam (www.scientificamerican.com/2001/0601issue/0601ezzell.html#further)
World Commission on Dams, Dams and Development: A New Framework for Decision-Making, 2000. Available at www.dams.org/report/
Bindra, S.P., Abosh, W., 2001, Recent developments in water
desalination: Desalination, vol. 136 (2001), pp. 49-56.
(Available online:
http://desline.com/articoli/4056.pdf)
Desalination http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desalination
Desalination by reverse osmosis http://www.oas.org/osde/publications/Unit/oea59e/ch20.htm
Drink a cup of seawater? http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/drinkseawater.html
Einav, R., Harussi, K., Perry, D., 2002, The footprint of the desalination processes on the environment: Desalination, vol. 152 (2002), pp. 141-154.
Is Desalination the Answer? http://www.fdu.edu/newspubs/magazine/03su/desalination.html
Ludwig, H., Methodology for Selecting Desalination
Processes in Water/Energy Supply Structures
(Available online:
http://www.sustdev.org/explore/water_res_man/edu3_pdfs/SD13-35.pdf)
Maxon, R., 2003, Is Desalination the Answer?: FDU Magazine,
Summer 2003
(Available online:
http://www.fdu.edu/newspubs/magazine/03su/desalination.html)
Modeling and Control of Desalination Processes
(Available online:
http://www.lfpt.rwth-aachen.de/Research/Completed/desalination.html)
Recent Developments in Water Desalination http://www.desline.com/articoli/4056.pdf
RO Desalination Activity in Texas http://wrri.nmsu.edu/conf/forum/Burnett.pdf
Saie, M.H., Yahya, M.H., Moneer, A.D., 2001, Financial, economical, and technical aspects of establishing remote desalination plants: Desalination, vol. 135 (2001), pp. 25-42.
Seawater Desalination Fact Sheet (Available online: http://www.sdcwa.org/manage/pdf/DesalFactsheetJune2003.pdf)
Seawater desalination in the Arabian Gulf countries. http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E09.htm#2.9
Reverse-osmosis desalination. http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E0k.htm#A
http://www.coastal.ca.gov/web/desalrpt/dchap1.html
http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E00.htm#Contents
Seawater desalination n the Arabian Gulf countries
(Available online:
http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E09.htm)
Water Technology – Ashkelon Desalination Plant, Israel http://www.water-technology.net/projects/israel/
Water Technology – Tampa Bay Desalination Plant, FL, USA http://www.water-technology.net/projects/tampa/
World’s Water – Water Data http://www.worldwater.org/waterData.htm
Antipova, E., A. Zyryanov, D. McKinney, A. Savitsky, Optimization of Syr Darya Water and Energy Uses, Water International, 27(4): 504-516, 2002
Central Asia Regional Water, Environment and Energy Agreements
Chait, E.A., Water Politics of Syr Darya Basin, Central Asia: Question of State Interests, London School of Economics and Political Science (Available online)
Chazournes, L. B. de, Elements of a Legal Strategy for Managing International Watercourses: The Aral Sea Basin, World Bank (Available online)
Dukhovny, V. and V. Sokolov, Lessons on Cooperation Building To Manage Water Conflicts in the Aral Sea Basin, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Le Moigne, G., Shared Water Resources Management in the Aral Sea Basin: Issues and Opportunities, in Regional Workshop on Cooperation in Shared Water Resources in Central Asia: Past Experience and Future Challenges, Asian Development Bank, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 26–28 September 2002
McKinney, D.C., Cooperative Management of Transboundary Water Resources in Central Asia, in In the Tracks of Tamerlane-Central Asia’s Path into the 21st Century, D. Burghart and T. Sabonis-Helf (eds.), National Defense University Press, 2003. (in press) (Available online: http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/mckinney/papers/aral/CentralAsiaWater-McKinney.pdf)
McKinney, D.C., Basin Scale Integrated Water Resources Management In Central Asia, Third World Water Forum, Kyoto, Japan, March 16-23, 2003
O'Hara, Sarah L., Central Asia’s Water Resources: Contemporary and Future Management Issues, Water Resources Development, Vol. 16, No. 3, 423–441, 2000 (Available online)
E. Weinthal,
Central Asia: Aral Sea Problem, Foreign Policy in Focus, Vol. 5, No. 6 • March 2000 (Available online: http://www.foreignpolicy-infocus.org/pdf/vol5/06ifaral.pdf)Wegerich, K., Not a Simple Path: A sustainable Future for Central Asia, Occasional Paper No 28, Water Issues Study Group, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London, 2001
For overviews of each country and USAID’s focus http://www.usaid.gov/locations/europe_eurasia/car/briefers/transboundary_water.html
Webpage for maps and background info (check out the animation) http://www.dfd.dlr.de/app/land/aralsee/
http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/environment/articles/eav010600.shtml
The Senegal River: Release of an Artificial Flood to Maintain Traditional Floodplain Production Systems. The Water and Nature Initiative of the IUCN – Case Studies. 2003. IUCN. 11 Oct. 2005 (http://www.waterandnature.org/flow/cases/Senegal.pdf)
Horowitz, Michael M. An Alternative for Managing Tropical Floodplain Rivers. BASIS Brief. Number 1 (December 1999): 8 pages. 11 Oct. 2005 (http://www.ies.wisc.edu/ltc/live/basbrief01.pdf)
Finger D., Teodoru, C. Senegal River Case Study. The Science and Politics of International Freshwater Management. November 2003. Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology. 24 Oct. 2005 (http://www.eawag.ch/research_e/apec/seminars/Case%20studies/2003/Senegal%20River.pdf)
World Water Assessment Programme. “Chapter 20 - Senegal River Basin, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal.” THE UN WORLD WATER DEVELOPMENT REPORT Water for People, Water for Life. March 2003. UNESCO. 6 Oct. 2005 (http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/case_studies/senegal_river/senegal_river.pdf)
http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/case_studies/senegal_river/index.shtml
http://books.nap.edu/html/srb11/senegal.pdf (especially pgs 1-8, 30-34)
http://www.waterandnature.org/h1.html
Al Awar, Ziad, The Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP): A Socio-Economical Study from the Sustainable Development Perspective, May, 2003 (Available online: http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/mckinney/ce397/Topics/Tigris/termproject3.pdf)
Altinbilek D., Development and management of the Euphrates-Tigris basin, International Journal of Water Resources Development, Volume 20, Number 1, March 2004, pp. 15-33 (Available Online in UT Austin Library)
Belul, Mehmet Lutfi, Hydropolitics of the Euphrates-Tigris Basin, Master Thesis, 1996, Graduate School of Applied Sciences, Middle East Technical University
Bilen Ozden, Turkey and Water Issues in the Middle East, 1997, Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP), Regional Development Administration
Brismar, A., The Atatürk Dam project in south-east Turkey: Changes in objectives and planning over time, Natural Resources Forum, 26, 101-112, 2002 (Available Online in UT Austin Library)
Elhance, Arun P., Hydropolitics in the 3-rd World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River basins, Chapter 4, United States Institute for Peace, 1999.
Kaya Ibrahim, The Euphrates-Tigris basin: An overview and opportunities for cooperation under international law (http://ag.arizona.edu/OALS/ALN/aln44/kaya.html)
Kor, Tevfik Emin, ICE Case Studies, Tigris-Euphrates River Dispute, November, 1997 (http://www.american.edu/ted/ice/tigris.htm)
Lorenz F.M. and E.J. Erickson, The Euphrates Triangle:
Security Implications of the Southeastern Anatolia Project,
National Defense University Press, Washington, D.C., 1999 (http://www.aepi.army.mil/internet/security-anatolia-project-euphrates.pdf)
Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water: A source of conflict of cooperation in the Middle East? (http://www.mfa.gov.tr/grupa/ac/aci/default.htm)
Tortajada, C., Evaluation of Actual Impacts of the Ataturk Dam, Third World Center for Water Management, 2002.
1909 “Treaty
Relating to Boundary Waters between the United States and Canada” (Boundary
Waters Treaty)
Boundary
Waters Treaty http://www.ijc.org/ijcweb-e.html
International Joint Commission- What It Is, How It Works. http://www.ijc.org/ijcweb-e.html
The IJC and the 21st Century
http://www.ijc.org/php/publications/html/21ste.htm http://winnipeg.about.com/aboutcanada/winnipeg/library/weekly/aa011500a.htm Map of
the Great Lakes Basin http://www.seagrant.wisc.edu/Communications/greatlakes/glacialgift/map.html Red River Basin Map: http://www.nwrdc.org/red_river_basin.htm
Saga of Canada/US Waterway Diversion Battles http://winnipeg.about.com/aboutcanada/winnipeg/library/weekly/aa011500a.htm Transboundary Watersheds, International Joint Commission,
December 2000 The Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway System website:
http://www.greatlakes-seaway.com/en/home.html The IJC website:
http://www.ijc.org/en/home/main_accueil.htm Great Lakes Information Network:
http://www.great-lakes.net/
Devils Lake:
http://www.mvp.usace.army.mil/docs/projs/Volume_1_Abstract-Chapter_2.pdf
http://www.health.state.nd.us/PublicComment/DevilsLakeOutletDischargePermit/DevilsLakeEIS/ Baglole,
Joel. "Storm Brews Over Plan
to Export Canadian Water to U.S." Wall
Street Journal, April 11, 2001. www.ce.utexas.edu/stu/kracmadr/canada.bmp "Beyond Levels and Flows: Sustaining the Great Lakes in the Next Millennium",
Canadian Environmental Law Association,
http://www.cela.ca/water/bg-ijc.htm Canadian
Environmental Law Association, "Beyond Levels and Flows:
Sustaining the Great Lakes in the Next Millennium."
March 5, 1999, www.cela.ca/water/bg-ijc.htm EPIC "MAD RIVER
WATER BAGGING PLAN",
http://www.wildcalifornia.org/projects/madriver/index.html Gleick,
Peter H. "Approach 2,
Redistribute Supplies: Bagged and
Dragged." Scientific American,
February, 2001.
http://www.scientificamerican.com/2001/0201issue/0201how.html
- 2 Geddes,
John. "Should Canada Sell its
Water?" Maclean's, March 6, 2001.
www.cquest.utoronto.ca/env/env234y/bht/water.html Kracman, D.,
"International Water Marketing -- Canada", July 5, 2001,
http://www.waterbank.com/Newsletters/nws37.html Kracman,
D., "Liquid Capital: Water Marketing in the Twenty-First Century", University of
Texas, 2001. (Kracman-WaterMarketing.pdf) O'Malley,
Martin and Bowman, John. "The
Future of Canada's Water." CBC News,
June, 2001.
http://cbc.ca/news/indepth/water/ “Reasons to Oppose the Mad River Water Bags” Community
Clean Water Institute http://www.ccwi.org/issues/waterrights.htm#madriverbags
Saliba, Bonnie Colby and Bush, David B.
Water Markets in Theory and
Practice: Market Transfers, Water
Values and Public Policy. Boulder:
Westview Press, Inc., 1987.
especially pgs 1-10
“Sea-going water bags to quench world thirst?” Planet Ark http://www.planetark.org/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/13449/story.htm
Shrybman, S., "The Accord to Prohibit Bulk Water Removal - Will it Actually
Hold Water?", BC Freshwater Workshop, May 9, 2000
(WestCoastLaw.pdf)
"Stop the Mad Water Grab!", About Friends of the Gualala River,
http://www.gualalariver.org/export/madriver.html
“Turkey to pump water to Cyprus” BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1754859.stm
Border 2012 U.S.-Mexico Border Environmental Program, Goals and Objectives, Border2012Goals-Objet word document, 2003.
Border XXI Framework, http://www.epa.gov/usmexicoborder/2001/ef.htm, Border2012Framework pdf file
Border 2012 Framework: U.S.-Mexico Border Environmental Program, http://www.epa.gov/r6border/intro.htm, Border2012Framework pdf file, Full text ofBorder Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC) Website: http://www.cocef.org/englishbecc.html
Bordering the future. “Environment: Common ground”, July 1988. http://www.window.state.tx.us/taxinfo/taxforms/96-599/chap09.pdf.
IBWC (International Boundary And Water Commission) Website: http://www.ibwc.state.gov/
IBWC.
“Joint measures to improve the quality of the waters of the Rio Grande at
Laredo, Texas/Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas”. Minute No. 279. August 28, 1989. http://www.ibwc.state.gov/FORAFFAI/MINUTES/minindex.HTM
Jones, P, The U.S. Mexico Boundary Waters Regime and North American
Environmental Agreements: What Lessons for International Agreements’ Compliance
Mechanisms? Available online:
http://www.dundee.ac.uk/cepmlp/car/html/car3_article7.htm. Maquilas / Export Processing Zones:
http://www.maquilasolidarity.org/resources/maquilas/
Marty, Frank, 2001: Managing international rivers Problems, politics and institutions. (Bern: Peter Lang).
NAFTA
and the environment. 1998
Senate Interim Committee on the North American Free Trade Agreement, page 49-63.
http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/commit/archive/IC/IC14.PDF
Natural Heritage Institute and Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superior de
Monterrey. “Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Designing a Common Future. A Physical
Assessment of the Opportunities for Improved Management of the Water Resources
of the Bi-national River Basin. Project Description” Available online: http://www.n-h-i.org/Projects/InternationalRivers/RioGrande/ProjectDescription.pdf
New River Petitioned Public Health Consultation
Imperial County, California
February 28, 1996
Reflections on Water: New approaches to transboundary Conflicts and
Cooperation,
Chapter 7: Discourses and Water in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region by Pamela
Doughman
Rio Grande water flow. http://www.ibwc.state.gov/wad/rio_grande.htm
Synopsis of International Agreements Establishing and Institutionalizing the International Boundary and Water Commission. http://www.ibwc.state.gov/FORAFFAI/synopsis.HTM
U.S. Mexico Boundary Waters Regime and North American Environmental Agreements: What Lessons for International Water Agreements' Compliance Mechanisms? http://www.dundee.ac.uk/cepmlp/car/html/car3_article7.htm
“Water quality in the Rio Grande Watershed: A resource for action taking”, Chapter 3, from Rio Grande Alliance. http://www.riogrande.org/programs/wsguide.htm
Water Quality in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region. BorderLines 44 (Vol. 6, No. 2, April 1998). Available online: http://americaspolicy.org/borderlines/1998/bl44/bl44wq_body.html
Water
and sustainable
development
in the binational
lower
Rio Grande/Rio Bravo
basin.
Final Report. Chapter 6: Water quality. http://harc.edu/mitchellcenter/mexico/mexico_reports/ch06_water_quality.pdf
Water Quality in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region:
http://www.us-mex.org/borderlines/1998/bl44/bl44wq.html
http://www.epwu.org/water/desal_info.html http://washingtontimes.com/upi‑breaking/20050309-045403-3615r.htm http://www.rioweb.org/tour/ (browse)
http://www.cocef.org/aproyectos/ExcomRioConchos2002_10_17ingfinal.htm
United
States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Secreatria de Medio Ambiente y
Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT),
Border 2012: U.S. – Mexico Environmental Program,
EPA-160-R-03-001, 2003.
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, U.S.-Mexico Border
2012 Framework.
http://www.epa.gov/r6border/intro.htm, accessed October 10, 2005
Law of the River:
1922
Colorado
River Compact apportioned 7.5 MAF to Lower Basin States and 7.5
MAF to Upper Basin States, with an additional 1 MAF beneficial consumptive
use in the Lower Basin. Requires Upper Basin to deliver minimum 75 MAF/10yrs
at Lee Ferry. (Any Mexico Treaty amounts to come equally from Upper and
Lower Basin, and Upper Basin delivery to lower basin to increase accordingly)
1928
Boulder Canyon Project Act
authorized Hoover Dam and All American Canal. Apportioned Lower Colorado
River water CA - 4.4 MAF; AZ - 2.8 MAF; NV - 0.3 MAF (amounts not ratified
until 1964)
1944
Mexican
Water Treaty 1.5
MAF to Mexico
1948
Upper Colorado River Basin Compact.
Arizona
was apportioned 50,000 AF of water for territory in Upper Colorado River
Basin drainage,
remaining distributed based on these
percentages: Colorado, 51.75%; New Mexico, 11.25%; Utah, 23.00%; and Wyoming,
14.00%.
1956
Colorado River Storage Project
Act. Authorized several dams including Glen Canyon Dam to allow
for upstream storage and development of upper basin while still meeting
required delivery to lower basin.
1964
Arizona vs. California.
U.S. Supreme Court Decree. Ratification of 1928 apportionment of the Colorado
River water supply. (mainstream vs. tributary flow clarification) Also
Indian Rights allocations 0.9 MAF.
1968
Colorado River Basin Project Act.
Authorized
construction of the Central Arizona Project. Set forth law governing the
distribution and use of the CAP water. Describes priority of rights in
times of shortage (California and other senior right holders guaranteed
their apportionment before CAP water diverted)
1974
Colorado River Basin Salinity Control
Act. Authorized works to control salinity of Colorado River water below
Imperial Dam as part of Mexican Treaty obligation (IBWC
Minute 242)
1944 Treaty with Mexico (Articles 10-15)
Application
of the US Endangered Species Act across international borders: the case of the
Colorado River delta, Mexico
Environmental Science & Policy 3 (2000)
AZ vs Calif (legal allocations irrigation)
Border Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC)
California legal recommendations
Colorado River System Consumptive Uses and Losses Reports
http://www.uc.usbr.gov/special/crs/crs.html
http://www.uc.usbr.gov/special/crs/reports/1986.pdf
http://www.lc.usbr.gov/~g4000/exec_sum99.html
California's Colorado River Water Use Plan (Section on International Aspects p. 90-96)
Defenders of Wildlife - Groups Request
Amendment to U.S. - Mexico River Treaty to Allocate Water for Wildlife
http://www.defenders.org/releases/pr1999/pr112399.html
"A Delta Once More" (warning! - large file 1.9M pdf)
Delta Ecological (reference to international law, ESA, etc.)
IBWC Minute No. 242 (August 30, 1973)
Imperial Irrigation District Rights and Water Transfer to San Diego
Implementation Agreement for Secretarial Actions Associated with California Parties' Proposed Quantification Settlement Agreement and other Related Federal Actions, including Implementation of an Inadvertent Overrun Policy, Lower Colorado River, Arizona, California, and Nevada http://www.lc.usbr.gov/~pao/01news/FR-MAR9.html
Implement International Agreement for Deliveries to Tijuana, Baja California, of a Part of Mexico's Colorado River Waters Through the Southern California Aqueducts; Notice of Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (dated March 13, 2001) http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2001/April/Day-13/i9156.htm
New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission (ISC) Annual Report 1999-2000
Remarks by Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt
Response to original version of above report (Merritt)
Section 1512 of the U.S. code on the Colorado River Basin Project
Sharing Colorado River Water: History, Public Policy and the Colorado River Compact
Short history of treaty negotiations between the U.S. and Mexico
U.S. Code: Title 43, Chapter 32
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/43/ch32.html
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/43/1512.html,
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/43/ch32A.html#PC32A
U.S. Mexico Boundary Waters Regime and North American Environmental Agreements: What Lessons for International Water Agreements' Compliance Mechanisms? http://www.dundee.ac.uk/cepmlp/car/html/car3_article7.htm
Western Water Policy Review Advisory Commission http://www.den.doi.gov/wwprac/, http://www.den.doi.gov/wwprac/reports/colorado.pdf
Bellagio Draft Treaty: A review
Caron, D. D. : The Bellagio Draft Treaty: An Agreement Concerning the Use of Transboundary Groundwaters http://www.law.berkeley.edu/faculty/ddcaron/Courses/iel/ie01005.htm
Caron, D. D. : The Need for International Cooperation in Groundwater Management http://www.law.berkeley.edu/faculty/ddcaron/Courses/iel/ie02008.htm
Eaton & Hurlbut; Groundwater; chapter 3 in: Challenges in the Binational Management of Water Resources in the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo. US-Mexican Policy Studies Program. Policy Report no. 2. LBJ School of Public Affairs. The University of Texas at Austin (EatonCh3.pdf)
Eckstein, G. E.: Hydrologic Reality: International Water Law and Transboundary Ground-Water Resources http://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/Articles/GlobalSouth.htm
Eckstein, Gabriel, Application of International Water Law to Transboundary Groundwater Resources, and the Slovak-Hungarian Dispute Over Gabcikovo-Nagymaros, 19 Suffolk Transnt l L.R. 67 (1995) http://internationalwaterlaw.org/Articles/TransboundaryGW.htm
Fabrice Degroote: CUSTOM AND EQUITY INGREDIENTS OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER RECIPE http://www.law.berkeley.edu/faculty/ddcaron/Courses/iel/ie02007.htm
Hebard, E. M.: Toward jointly managing a transboundary aquifer: Creating a binational dialogue through community participation and education http://ag.arizona.edu/OALS/ALN/aln44/hebardfinal.html
IAH, UNESCO, FAO Working Group Meeting 27th -28th March 2000, UNESCO, Paris TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (TARM) http://www.iah.org/articles/may2000/art001.htm
International association of Hydrogeologists (IAH/AIH) http://www.iah.org/
International Water Law Project: bibliography on Groundwater http://internationalwaterlaw.org/Bibliography/Groundwater.htm
Seoul Rules on International Groundwaters 1986 http://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/IntlDocs/Seoul_Rules.htm
AAAS - Plata Basin Workshop, "Ecosystem Dynamics and Essential Human Needs: Developing a Multidisciplinary Research Agenda in the Plata Basin", April 8-10, 2002 Regente Palace Hotel, Buenos Aires, http://www.aaas.org/international/lac/plata/report_english.shtml
Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay: Agreement on Parana River Projects (Done at President Stroessner City, Paraguay, October 19, 1979), http://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/RegionalDocs/Parana1.htm
Baschek, Bjorn and Michaela Hegglin, The Plata-Parana river basin, summer/autumn 2002, IAC ETH, http://www.eawag.ch/research_e/apec/seminars/Case%20studies/Plata_Parana.pdf
Elhance, Arun P., Assistant Professor of Economic and Political Geography, Department of Geography, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/homepage_docs/pubs_docs/S&P_docs/S&P_VII-2/hydropolitics.html
Climatology and hydrology of the Plata Basin, http://www.clivar.org/publications/wg_reports/vamos/pdf_files/laplata.pdf
Elhance, Arun P., The Parana - La Plata Basin, Hydropolitics in the Third World: Conflict and Cooperation in International River Basins, United States Institute for Peace, Washington DC, 1999, pp. 25-52.
Green Cross International, Water Conflict Prevention, Fiona Curtin Program
Coordinator,
http://www.greencrossitalia.it/ita/acqua/wfp/pdf/greencrosswfp_plata.pdf or
http://www.greencrossitalia.it/ita/acqua/wfp/plata_wfp_001.htm
Itaipu Dam official web site, http://www.itaipu.gov.py/
Tucci, Carlos E. and Robin T. Clarke, Environmental Issues in the la Plata Basin, Water Resources Development, Vol. 14, N0. 2, pp. 157-173, 1998 (Available online)
Water for Peace in the LaPlata, Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential, UNESCO, Paris, 2003
Gleick, Peter H., The Human Right To Water, Water Policy, Vol.1, No. 5, pp. 487-503, 1999. (Available online: http://www.pacinst.org/gleickrw.pdf ) (Especially sections 2 & 4)
United Nations and the Right to
Water:
http://www.citizen.org/cmep/Water/humanright/articles.cfm?ID=8574
(browse)
Barlow, M., Soderbaum, P., Workshop 4 (synthesis): responsibilities linked to
"human rights approach" to water- rules and roles, Water Science and Technology,
Vol 43, No. 4, pp. 141-142, 2001.
De Lange, M., Water law and human rights- roles and responsibilities, Water
Science and Technology, Vol 43, No. 4, pp 143-150.
Camdessus, M. and J. Winpenny, Financing Water For All: Report of the World Panel on Financing Water Infrastructure, Global Water Partnership, and the World Water Council, March 2003 (Available online: www.gwpforum.org/gwp/library/FinPanRep.MainRep.pdf
CBC News Q & A www.cbc.ca/news/features/water/qanda.html
Financing Transboundary Water Management, Water Policy Brief,
Water Policy Programme No 2, Overseas Development Institute 2002 (Available online: http://www.odi.org.uk/rpeg/wpp/PolicyBrief-FinancingTransboundaryWater.pdf)Gleick, P., Wolff, G., Chalecki, E., and Reyes, R., The New Economy of Water: The Risks and Benefits of Globalization and Privatization of Fresh Water, Pacific Institute, 2002 (Available online: http://www.pacinst.org/reports/new_economy_of_water.pdf)
Hukka, J. and Katko, T, Refuting the Paradigm of Water Services Privatisation, Natural Resources Fourm 27 142-155
Jacobs, Jeffrey W. and Charles W. Howe, Key Issues and Experience in US Water Services Privatization
Rogers, P., R. Bhatia, and A. Huber, Water as a Social and Economic Good: How to Put the Principle into Practice, Global Water Partnership, 1998 (Available online: http://www.gwpforum.org/gwp/library/Tac2.pdf)
http://www.yellowtimes.org/article.php?sid=369
http://www.tompaine.com/feature2.cfm/ID/5974
http://www.progress.org/water15.htm
http://www.ifg.org/analysis/reports/cochabamba.html
http://www.citizen.org/documents/Bolivia_(PDF).PDF
Strategy for Integrated Water Resources Management, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C., December 1998
“Shared water resources protocol Chile-Argentina”
Act of Puerto Montt, Chile, 1978, Argentina-Chile, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/ARG-CHL1978PM.pdf
A list of river basins and countries who share them, http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/register/tables/IRB_southamerica.html
A Role for River Basin Organizations within an Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy, http://www.oieau.fr/ciedd/contributions/atriob/contribution/iadb.htm
Demographic information:
Chile http://www.abacci.com/atlas/demography.asp?countryID=169
Argentina http://www.abacci.com/atlas/demography.asp?countryID=130
Agenda 21 http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/documents/agenda21/index.htm
The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development, http://www.wmo.ch/web/homs/documents/english/icwedece.html#p1
Educational Material for School Children about Integrated Water Resource Management, Maria Angelica Alegria, Hydraulic Civil Engineer, Direccion General de Aguas – Ministerio de Obras Publicas de Chile, http://www.dubrovnik2003.fsb.hr/prijave/data/dubrovnik2003_abstract_121.doc (*interesting*)
Water governance in Latin America and the Caribbean, Peter Rogers, http://www.iadb.org/sds/doc/ENV-PRogers-WaterGovernanceinLAC.pdf (*very good description of present and future of the region*)
Water management at the river basin level: Challenges in Latin America, Axel Dourojeanni, http://www.inbo-news.org/ag2002/WaterManage.pdf
International Development Agencies and Financial Institutions
Hirji,R., and H. O. Ibrekk, Environmental and Water Resources Management, Environment and Strategy Papers, No. 2, World Bank, 2001
Salman, S.M.A. , and L.B. de Chazournes (Eds), International Watercourses: Enhancing Cooperation and Managing Conflict, World Bank Technical Paper No. 414, 1998 Online
World Bank, Efficient, Sustainable Service for All? An OED Review of the World Bank’s Assistance to Water Supply and Sanitation, Report No.: 26443, 2003 Online
Water Resources Sector Strategy: Strategic Directions for World Bank Engagement, February 2003 Online
Water for All: The Water Policy of the Asian Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Manila, 2001 Online
Gleick, Peter H. with the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security. 2004. The world’s water 2004-2005: The biennial report on freshwater resources. Island Press, Washington, DC.
Global Water Partnership. 2003. Report of the World Panel on Financing Water Infrastructure: Financing Water For All. Online at: http://www.gwpforum.org/gwp/library/FinPanRep.MainRep.pdf
Sachs, Jeffrey D. 2005. The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time. The Penguin Press, New York.
UN. 2000. Millennium Development Goals. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
UN. 2004. Millennium Development Goals: Progress Report. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/mdg2004chart.pdf
UN Millennium Project. 2005. Investing in Development: A Practical Plan to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Overview. Online at: http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/overviewEngi-1LowRes.pdf
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. 2004. Meeting the MDG drinking water and sanitation target: a mid-term assessment of progress. Online at: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/monitoring/en/jmp04.pdf
Nakayama, M., Politics behind Zambezi Action Plan, Water Policy, 1:397±409, 1998
Shela, O. N., Management of shared river basins: the case of the Zambezi River, Water Policy 2:65±81, 2000.
“Since Egypt is totally dependent on the waters of the Nile and since it has long been the largest consumer of the basin’s waters, in conducting hydropolitics with other riparian states it has mostly emphasized the triple doctrines of primary need, prior use, and acquired water rights.” Arun P. Elhance (1999)
We recognize that, in addition to our separate responsibilities to our individual societies, we have a collective responsibility to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity at the global level. As leaders we have a duty therefore to all the world’s people, especially the most vulnerable and, in particular, the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.
-UN Millennium Declaration, 2000
hail to thee, O Nile, that issues from the earth
and comes to keep Egypt alive!
When he rises, then the land is in jubilation, then every belly is in joy
Anonymous
The river
Rhine, it is well known,
Doth wash your city of Cologne;
But tell me, Nymphs, what power divine,
Shall henceforth wash the river Rhine?
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1828)
The river joins us, and so we join together
Anonymous
Unfortunately, our affluent society has also been an
effluent society.
Hubert H. Humphrey
In our world a dam is a small thing that gives cattle water.
What
you are talking about is something else and will finish the Himba.
Chief Katjira
Muniombara
This area is
the life of the people, of all the people who stay there, of all the people who
were born in the area. The Tjimba, who might not have livestock, and the Himba,
who might have livestock, we all need Epupa and we all must object to the dam,
since if it would really be built, there will be death!
Hikuminue Kapika (Himba Headman)
You cannot fill the Aral Sea with tears
Anonymous Uzbek poet
The rain is plentious but, by God's decree,
Only a third is meant for you and me;
Two-thirds are taken by the growing things
Or vanish Heavenward on vapour's wings:
Nor does it mathematically fall
With social equity on one and all.
The population's habit is to grow
In every region where the water's low:
Nature is blamed for failings that are Man's,
And well-run rivers have to change their plans.
Sir Alan Herbert
The mark of a successful man is one that has spent an entire day on the bank of a river without feeling guilty about it. Chinese Philosopher
'The north changes the world. In the winter the snow comes, covers the land. When it breaks in the spring, the mountains and hills will gather all the deteriorated stuff and bring it down to the Columbia, the main channel, and take it away. What goes out in the ocean will never return. And we have a brand new world in spring. The high water takes everything out, washes everything down. That's why we pray to the water, every morning and night.' This is not an attitude found in the Army Corps of Engineers literature.
Martin Louie, Sr., an elder of the Colville Tribe displaced by Grand Coulee Dam, William Dietrich, Northwest Passage
The many names of the Danube
|
Danubuis |
Ancient |
|
Donau |
German |
|
Dunjai |
Slovak |
|
Duna |
Hungarian |
|
Dunav |
Serbo-Croatian |
|
|
& Bulgarian |
|
Dunarea |
Romanian |
|
Dunay |
Ukrainian |
La situation est grave, mais pas desespérée.
India and Pakistan can go on shouting on
Kashmir for all time to come,
but an early settlement on the Indus waters is essential
for maintenance of peace in the sub-continent
Anonymous Indian official
the rivers pay no attention to
partitions;
the Indus just keeps rolling along through Kashmir and India and Pakistan
David Lilienthal
just enough whisky to drink and just enough water to fight
over
Mark Twain
The wars of the next century will be about water.
Ismail Serageldin, World Bank vice-president
